On September 11, 1973, the United States helped destroy Chile’s socialist dream, backing a brutal coup that overthrew the country’s first democratically elected socialist president, and turned Chile into a laboratory for neoliberal ideology. Fast forward decades later: high schoolers in black and white uniforms took to the streets over bus fares and a deeply unequal education system. That spark, the Penguin Revolution, ignited something far bigger: protests that erupted into the “social explosion” of 2019, a massive uprising that laid bare the struggle between capital and labor.